| ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠰᠬᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠮᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ | ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠰᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠠᠬᠦ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ①︽ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠯᠠᠪᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ︾ ᠶᠢ | ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ | 1500—1700 ᠮᠢᠯᠢᠯᠢᠲᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠᠯ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠰᠦ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ | ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ②ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠰᠦ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠥᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ᠂ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ | ᠪᠤᠷᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠦᠯᠦ᠂ ᠨᠢᠮᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠣᠶᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠵᠤ | ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡᠰᠦ᠂ ᠸᠢᠲ᠋ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ | ③ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ | ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠳᠠᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠨᠡ᠃ | ④ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠦᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠯᠡ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ | ᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠥᠷᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠴᠣᠮᠤ | ᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠴᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠳᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷ ᠢ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠢ | ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ 1 ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠶᠢᠯᠦᠨᠡ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦ | ᠪᠣᠶᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠮᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠭᠤᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠯ ᠢ | ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ⑤ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠠᠭᠰᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ | ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠳᠪᠠᠯᠠ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ᠂ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠵᠦ | ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ |